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Oral Iron, Dietary Ligands and Zinc Absorption¹

Brittmarie Sandström, Lena Davidsson, Åke Cederblad^* and Bo Lönnerdal

Department of Clinical Nutrition ^* Radiation Physics Department, University of Göteborg, Sahlgren's Hospital, S-413 45 Göteborg, Sweden Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA 95616

The effect of iron on zinc absorption in humans was investigated by using ⁶⁵Zn and whole-body counting after 2 wk. Increasing the molar ratio of ferrous iron (with ascorbic acid) to zinc from 1:1 to 2.5:1 did not affect absorption of zinc from water when given in a fasting state; 59 and 58% was absorbed, respectively. However, at an Fe:Zn ratio of 25:1, zinc absorption from water decreased significantly to 34%. When oral iron in the same ratio to zinc was given with a meal, no inhibitory effect was observed (25, 23 and 22%, respectively). Addition of the zinc ligand, histidine, to the water solution decreased the inhibitory effect of the higher dose of iron, resulting in a zinc absorption of 47%. Two weeks of iron preloading did not affect zinc absorption from water. The results demonstrate that when a multimineral supplement is taken on an empty stomach, excessive iron levels can negatively affect zinc absorption. Intake of the supplement with a meal or with a zinc ligand (such as histidine) may overcome this inhibitory effect.

KEY WORDS: • zinc • zinc-65 • iron • zinc absorption

¹ Presented in part at TEMA-5 (Trace Element Metabolism in Man and Animals - 5), Aberdeen, Scotland, July 1984.

Manuscript received 14 December 1984.

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