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The Effects of Long-Term Soy Protein and Milk Protein Feeding on the Pancreas of Cebus albifrons Monkeys^1,2,

Lynne M. Ausman^*,,, James P. Harwood, Norval W. King, Prabhat K. Sehgal, Robert J. Nicolosi, D. Mark Hegsted, Irvin E. Liener, Dana Donatucci and James Tarcza

^* School of Nutrition, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155 Harvard Medical School, New England Regional Primate Research Center, Southborough, MA 01772 Food and Drug Administration, Washington, DC 20204 Department of Biochemistry, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108

Twenty-seven 2- to 4-yr-old cebus monkeys (Cebus albifrons) were fed from infancy purified diets containing lactalbumin, soy isolate, casein or soy concentrate as the sole protein source. hematologic and clinical chemistry values were similar for all groups. Head and tail portions of each pancreas were surgically removed for histopathologic evaluation and determination of protein, RNA and DNA content, and for trypsin and chymotrypsin activity. Hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections from 26 of 27 monkeys showed normal pancreatic tissue with occasional acinar vacuolation in all diet groups. The remaining animal, one of only two fed soy concentrate, had diffuse interstitial fibrosis of the pancreas associated with mild to moderate atrophy of acinar tissue. Biochemical analyses of the pancreatic biopsies indicated no group differences among animals fed lactalbumin, soy isolate or casein. One of two monkeys in the soy concentrate group showed decreased pancreatic protein, RNA and trypsin concentrations; this was probably due to the fibrosis in this animal. No evidence of pancreatic hypertrophy or hyperplasia, as measured by RNA/DNA and protein/DNA ratios, respectively, was seen in any diet group.

KEY WORDS: • Cebus albifrons • soy protein • pancreas • soybean trypsin inhibitor

¹ This work was supported by Cooperative Agreement 58-519B-2-1191 from the U.S. Department of Agriculture and the Food and Drug Administration, by a grant from the National Institutes of Health, Division of Research Resources (RR00168) to the New England Regional Primate Research Center, Southborough, MA 01772, and by a grant from the Armand G. Erpf Fund to the School of Nutrition, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155.

² This work was presented in part at the annual meeting of The American Oil Chemists' Society, Dallas, TX, May 1984. Ausman, L. M., Harwood, J. P., King, N. W., Sehgal, P. K., Nicolosi, R. J., Liener, I. E., Donatucci, D. & Tarcza, J. (1984) The effect of long term soy and milk protein feeding on the pancreas of Cebus albifrons monkeys. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 61, 683a (abs.).

Manuscript received 19 March 1985. Revision accepted 14 August 1985.