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Effects of Fructose Feeding on Lipid Parameters in Obese and Lean, Diabetic and Nondiabetic Zucker Rats^1,2,3,

Eunsook T. Koh⁴, Janice Mueller, Odutola Osilesi^*, Allen Knehans and Sheldon Reiser

School of Human Development, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 ^* Alcorn State University, Lorman, MS 39096 Carbohydrate Nutrition Laboratory, Science and Education Administration, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705

Effects of fructose feeding in moderate amounts on lipid metabolism of obese versus lean, and diabetic versus nondiabetic Zucker rats, were studied. Forty pairs of male lean and obese animals were assigned to two dietary groups, fructose and glucose. For each diet, one-half of lean and obese animals were injected with streptozotocin intraperitoneally (i.p.) to induce diabetes, and the other half were injected with buffer i.p. as a nondiabetic control group. After 9 wk of feeding, animals were fasted overnight, decapitated and exsanguinated. Organs were removed and weighed. Blood glucose, insulin, lactic acid, triglycerides, cholesterol, total liver lipids and urinary glucose were determined. Hyperphagia was observed in obese, non-diabetic and lean-diabetic animals. Streptozotocin injection drastically reduced insulin levels, and produced an impairment of growth, hyperglycemia, glucosuria, polydipsia and polyuria. Fructose feeding increased organ weights in kidney, liver and retroperitoneal adipose tissue, regardless of diabetic state. However, lactic acid levels were lower in fructose-fed groups than glucose-fed groups. In obese rats serum triglyceride levels were also lower in fructose-fed groups than in glucose-fed groups. Serum cholesterol was not affected by fructose feeding. The results indicated that fructose feeding did not produce hyperlipemia and lactic acidosis in the blood circulation in Zucker rats. However, fructose feeding did not improve glucose intolerance in diabetic animals, rather fructose feeding produced hyperinsulinemia in nondiabetic, obese animals.

KEY WORDS: • fructose • lipid parameters • diabetes • Zucker rat

¹ Supported in part by grant no. 58-3244-3-485 from Carbohydrate Nutrition Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD 20705. Funds for the rats were also provided by Dr. Odutola Osilesi.

² These data were presented in preliminary form at the 1984 Annual Meeting of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, St. Louis, MO, April 1984. Fed. Proc. 43: 1063 (abs. 4554).

³ Includes data from these of Janice Mueller as partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Master's degree.

⁴ Address reprint requests to: Eunsook T. Koh, School of Human Development, University of Oklahoma, 610 Elm Avenue, Norman, OK 73019.

Manuscript received 24 October 1984. Revision accepted 1 July 1985.

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