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Iron Absorption by Humans and Swine from Fe(III)-EDTA. Further Studies¹

E. Candela^*, M. V. Camacho^*, C. Martínez-Torres^*, J. Perdomo, G. Mazzarri, G. Acurero and M. Layrisse^2,*

Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (I.V.I.C.), Lab. de Fisiopatología, Caracas, Venezuela Universidad Central de Venezuela, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Maracay, Venezuela Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Maracay, Venezuela

Studies on iron absorption from Na⁵⁹Fe-EDTA in humans have shown that only a small proportion of the iron absorbed is excreted by the kidney, less than 1% of the dose administered. The pathway of Na⁵⁵Fe-[2-¹⁴C]EDTA absorption and excretion when administered orally was studied in swine. A certain proportion (about 5%) of the ⁵⁵Fe is split from the EDTA complex in the lumen of the gut, absorbed mainly from the pylorus and upper jejunum, transferred to plasma transferrin and then incorporated into the circulating hemoglobin. A small proportion of the iron absorbed, less than 1% of the dose administered, is excreted by the kidney, to a degree similar to that excreted by humans. The rest of the iron is eliminated in the feces, about 3% in a soluble form possibly still bound to EDTA and the greater part, about 92%, in an insoluble form. About 5% of the ¹⁴C is absorbed almost uniformly along the pyloric duodenal and jejunal mucosa, then transferred slowly to the plasma and excreted by the kidney within 48 hours. The rest of the ¹⁴C was excreted in the feces, about 80% in a soluble form and 20% in the insoluble fraction.

KEY WORDS: • iron absorption • Fe(III)-EDTA • iron fortification • iron EDTA metabolism

¹ Supported in part by Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICIT), Caracas, Venezuela.

² Address reprint requests to Miguel Layrisse, IVIC, Apartado 1827, Caracas 1010A, Venezuela.

Manuscript received 14 March 1984.