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Effects of Diets Deficient in Glucose and Glucose Precursors on the Growth of the Walker Carcinosarcoma 256 in Rats¹

William L. Dills, Jr.^2,*,,,, Eva Kwong, Thomas R. Covey^3, and Malden C. Nesheim

^* Department of Chemistry, Southeastern Massachusetts University, N. Dartmouth, MA 02747 Division of Nutritional Sciences Section of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853

The effects of carbohydrate-deficient diets on the growth of the Walker carcinosarcoma 256 in rats and on the carcinostatic action of the glucose analogue 2-deoxyglucose were studied. All diets contained 13.0% casein with glucose levels as indicated and the balance of calories present as corn oil free fatty acids. The growth of the tumor was directly related to the glucose level in such diets; after 16 days rats fed 0.0, 1.5 and 4.5% glucose had tumors weighing 7.0, 11.1 and 13.3 g, respectively. The decrease in tumor weight was related to dietary glucose level rather than the anorexia produced by the diets low in glucose, as shown by the fact that tumors in rats fed 4.5% glucose were larger than rats fed 1.5% glucose even when the rats fed 4.5% glucose were pair-fed to the levels consumed by those fed 1.5% glucose. 2-Deoxyglucose (0.2%) also caused a reduction in tumor growth in a manner independent from the anorexia produced by its presence in the diet. This carcinostatic effect was potentiated by low glucose levels in the diets in that rats fed 4.5% glucose plus 0.2% 2-deoxyglucose had proportionally greater reductions in tumor weights due to the glucose analogue than did rats fed 20% glucose plus 0.2% 2-deoxyglucose.

KEY WORDS: • 2-deoxyglucose • Walker carcinosarcoma 256 • carbohydrate deficiency

¹ Supported in part by grant no. CA-26755 from the National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health, U.S. Public Health Service, Bethesda, MD 20014. Portions of this study were presented at the 65th Annual Meeting of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, Atlanta, GA, April 12–17, 1981. Kwong, E., Nesheim, M. C. & Dills, W. L. (1981) Levels of dietary glucose and growth of Walker 256 tumor in rats. Fed. Proc. 40, 949.

² To whom reprint requests should be sent. Current address: Department of Chemistry, Southeastern Massachusetts Univ., N. Dartmouth, MA 02747.

³ Current address: 925 Warren Rd., Equine Drug Testing, Cornell University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY 14850.

Manuscript received 16 April 1984.