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Accumulation of Linoleic and {gamma}-Linolenic Acids in Tissue Lipids of Pyridoxine-Deficient Rats

S. C. Cunnane1, M. S. Manku and D. F. Horrobin

Efamol Research Institute, Kentville, Nova Scotia, Canada B4N 4H8

Young male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed diets containing added pyridoxine · HCl at 22 mg/kg (control), 0 mg/kg or 88 mg/kg for 6 weeks. In comparison with control or pyridoxine-supplemented (+PN) rats, growth of the pyridoxine-deficient (-PN) rats was significantly less after 2 weeks. After 6 weeks, liver weight was higher but thymus and epididymal fat weights, in relation to body weight, were significantly lower in -PN compared to control rats. In -PN rats, phospholipid levels of linoleic and {gamma}-linolenic acids were increased, but arachidonic acid was decreased compared to controls in plasma, liver, thymus and skin. In liver triglycerides from -PN rats, all essential fatty acids (n3 and n6) were increased compared to both control and +PN rats. The n3 essential fatty acids were significantly increased in plasma, liver, and thymus phospholipids in the +PN compared to control rats. These results support previous reports of an effect of pyridoxine on essential fatty acid metabolism and suggest that both linoleic desaturation and {gamma}-linolenic acid elongation may be impaired in -PN rats. In addition, the accumulation of essential fatty acids in the liver triglycerides of -PN rats suggests that essential fatty acid turnover between triglyceride and phospholipid may be influenced by pyridoxine.

KEY WORDS: • arachidonic acid • dihomo-{gamma}-linolenic acid • {gamma}-linolenic acid • linoleic acid • pyridoxine

1 S. C. C. was an Industrial Research Fellow of the National Research Council of Canada while this research was conducted.

Manuscript received 10 February 1984.




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