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Small Intestine of Artificially Reared Rat Pups: Weight Gain and Changes in Alkaline Phosphatase, Lactase and Sucrase Activities during Development¹

Chemotherapy Research Department, Kettering-Meyer Laboratory, Southern Research Institute, Birmingham, AL 35255

Comparative studies on small intestinal development in artificially reared (AR) and in mother-fed (MF) rats were carried out. When pups at 12 days of age were reared by continuous intragastric infusing of a cow milk formula (CMF), they gained weight equal to MF rats until 20 days; their small intestine weight was approximately 40 and 23% greater than that of MF rats at 16 days and 22 days of age, respectively. Autoradiographic studies indicated that the intestinal DNA synthetic index was 74–85% higher in AR than in MF rats at 16 days; similarly intestinal crypt depth and duodenal villus length were significantly higher in AR rats. The developmental pattern of duodenal alkaline phosphatase activity was similar in both AR and MF rats. In contrast, AR rats showed precocious decrease of lactase activity in the ileum at 16 days and in the jejunum at 18 days; but toal lactase activity in the intestine was not different from MF rats at 16 days. Jejunal sucrase activity in AR rats was precociously induced and elevated. It was concluded that the intestine of AR rats undergoes structural and enzymic modifications. The physiological significance of these changes remains to be elucidated.

KEY WORDS: • small intestinal development • artificially reared rat pups • gastrostomy • alkaline phosphatase • lactase • sucrase

¹ Supported by National Institutes of Health Research Grant AM-27591 and by Grant SO7 RP 05676, Division of Research Resources.

² Present address: Gastroenterology Division, St. Luke's-Roosevelt Health Center, Amsterdam Avenue at 114th Street, New York, NY 10025.

Manuscript received 31 March 1983.