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Failure of Dietary-Casein-Induced Acidosis to Explain the Hypercholesterolemia of Casein-Fed Rabbits¹

Rudolph J. J. Hermus^2,*, Clive E. West^3,* and Eelco J. van Weerden

^* Department of Human Nutrition, Agricultural University, De Dreijen 12, 6703 BC Wageningen, The Netherlands The Institute for Animal Nutrition Research (ILOB-TNO), Haarweg 8, 6709 PJ Wageningen, The Netherlands

The partial replacement of casein by a mixture of gelatin, fish protein and soy protein in cholesterol-free semipurified diets of rabbits reduced the hypercholesterolemic response. The partial replacement of casein by the protein mixture also increased the feed intake and alleviated or reversed the weight loss observed from the casein diet. The data indicate that casein alone is not an ideal protein source for rabbits probably because of the imbalance of the amino acid composition. When KCl in the semipurified diets was replaced by KHCO₃, a higher feed intake and a better growth were obtained, irrespective of the protein source in the diet. In addition, the feeding of semipurified diets containing KCl resulted in acidosis, which could be prevented by its replacement with KHCO₃. A semipurified diet containing casein and KCl produced a more severe acidosis and higher serum cholesterol levels than the diet containing the protein mixture. Nevertheless, the correction of the acidosis by the replacement of KCl in the diet by KHCO₃ did not lead to an abrogation of the casein-induced hypercholesterolemia.

KEY WORDS: • serum cholesterol • dietary protein • casein • soy protein • gelatin • fish protein • acidosis • rabbits

¹ This work was supported by a grant from the International Dairy Federation, Brussels, Belgium.

² Present address: Division for Nutrition and Food Research TNO CIVO-Institutes TNO, P.O. Box 360, 3700 AJ Zeist, The Netherlands.

³ To whom reprint requests should be addressed.

Manuscript received 30 August 1982.