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Intestinal Lymph Lipoproteins in Rats Fed Diets Enriched in Specific Fatty Acids^1,2,

Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912 The ^* Donner Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720

Four groups of rats were fed test diets with fats providing 75% of fatty acids as palmitate, stearate, oleate or linoleate. Absorption of radiolabeled cholesterol and the specific triglyceride into intestinal lymph lipoproteins and the lipid and protein content and composition of intestinal lymph were compared. Cholesterol and triglyceride absorptions were correlated significantly and were less with the saturated fatty acid diets. The fatty acid patterns of triglyceride-rich lymph lipoproteins mirrored the diet. Exogenous cholesterol was recovered primarily in chylomicrons, except with linoleate. In contrast, radiolabeled saturated fatty acids were recovered primarily in very low density lipoproteins and unsaturated fatty acids were recovered in chylomicrons. Lymph chylomicron size and lipid content were greater with unsaturated fat diets. Triglyceride-rich intestinal lipoproteins of rats fed saturated fats were polygonal by electron microscopy, related to the cooling of lymph samples below body temperature. A-I apolipoproteins were increased in relation to C apoproteins as lipid absorption was greater. Plasma triglycerides in all groups increased compared to rats fed the stock diet. A diet enriched in one specific fatty acid has its unique effects on lymph lipoprotein formation presumably affecting some intestinal subcellular mechanisms. Diet-induced changes in plasma lipids and lipoproteins are not directly related to these as yet unknown mechanisms.

KEY WORDS: • rat lipids • dietary fatty acids • lipid absorption • lipoprotein formation

¹ This study was supported in part by the National Live Stock and Meat Board and by National Institutes of Health Grants AM26658 and HL26335.

² Presented in part at the annual meeting of the Council on Arteriosclerosis, American Heart Association, Miami Beach, November 1980. Feldman, E. B., Russell, B. S., Hawkins, G. B. and Forte, T. (1980) Fatty acid composition of the diet and intestinal lipoproteins. Arterioscierosis 1, 84.

Manuscript received 24 March 1983.