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Platelet Glutathione Peroxidase Activity as an Index of Selenium Status in Rats¹

USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Human Nutrition Research Center, Beltsville, MD 20705 ^* Nutritional Sciences Program, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742

Glutathione peroxidase activity in platelets increased stepwise in selenium-depleted rats that were repleted with graded levels of dietary sodium selenite. In a 3-phase depletion/repletion/depletion feeding study, glutathione peroxidase activity was similar in platelets and liver, which apparently contains the largest labile pool of selenium in the body. The activity of glutathione S-transferase (selenium-independent glutathione peroxidase) in platelets was low and was not affected by selenium deficiency, even though hepatic transferase was markedly elevated in selenium-deficient rats. Vitamin E deficiency did not affect activities of glutathione peroxidase or glutathione S-transferase in platelets or liver. Determination of glutathione peroxidase activity in platelets apparently is a promising technique for assessing selenium status and, possibly, for measuring selenium bioavailability.

KEY WORDS: • selenium • selenium status • glutathione peroxidase • platelets • vitamin E

¹ Preliminary reports of this research were presented at the 65th annual meeting of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, Atlanta, GA, April 12–17, 1981. DeLoach, D. P., Morris, V. C. Moser, P. B. & Levander, O. A. (1981) Platelet glutathione peroxidase activity in rats: An index of selenium status. Fed. Proc. 40, 902. Morris, V. C. & Levander, O. A. (1981) Response of platelet glutathione peroxidase activity (GSH-Px) in rats fed selenite or high-selenium yeast. Fed. Proc. 40, 902. The data are partially from a thesis submitted by Ms. DeLoach to the graduate school, University of Maryland, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the M.S. degree.

Manuscript received 14 June 1982.

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