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The Effects of Dietary Trilinoelaidin on Fatty Acid and Acyl Desaturases in Rat Liver¹

Institute of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853

The effects of incremental amounts of dietary t,t-18:2 on liver microsomal 5 and 6 acyl desaturase activities were studied. The hepatic concentration of t,t-18:2 increased linearly from 0 to 1.6 mg/g liver as dietary t,t-18:2 was increased from 0–50% of dietary fat. This apparently inhibited the conversion of linoleic to arachidonic acid in liver tissue because linoleic acid increased from 1.2 to 3.1 mg/g liver, while arachidonic acid concurrently decreased from 3.9 to 1.9 mg/g liver tissue. This reflected the inhibition of 6 desaturase by t,t-18:2. The 6 desaturase activity in liver microsomes of rats fed 10, 20, and 50% of t,t-18:2 in their dietary lipids was 97, 75, and 51% of the activity of rats fed no t,t-18:2. In vitro tests showed that t,t-18:2 specifically inhibited liver 6 desaturase. The 5 desaturase activities did not increase significantly as dietary t,t-18:2 levels increased. This study showed that dietary t,t-18:2 by depressing 6 desaturase activity may affect essential fatty acid metabolism.

KEY WORDS: • trans fatty acids • linoleic acid • 6 desaturase • arachidonic acid • linoelaidin

¹ This work was supported by USDA SEA Grant #5901-0410-9-0286-0.

Manuscript received 2 November 1981.