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Bioavailability of Zinc from a Diet Based on Isolated Soy Protein: Application in Young Men of the Stable Isotope Tracer, ⁷⁰Zn

Department of Nutrition and Food Science, The Nuclear Reactor Laboratory, and the Clinical Research Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 ^* Central Research Division, Ralston Purina Company, St. Louis, MO 63188

With the aid of the stable isotope, ⁷⁰Zn, as a tracer and neutron activation analysis, a combination of extrinsic labeling of meals and fecal monitoring of isotope excretion was used as a safe and noninvasive approach for assessing the effects of the vegetable (soy) and animal (milk, beef) proteins on the absorption of zinc in healthy, adult human volunteers. A known amount of ⁷⁰Zn was added as ZnCl₂, to six consecutive meals over a 2-day period during which either one of three isonitrogenous liquid formulas (skim milk; soy isolate; or a 50:50 mixture) or one of two bologna sausages (soy isolate or beef) were given. The mean absorption of ⁷⁰Zn from milk, soy and soy/milk was 41 ± 4, 34 ± 4, and 41 ± 7% (mean ± SEM), respectively, the presence of soy protein having no effect on absorption of the extrinsic label. For beef bologna and soy bologna, fractional absorption of the ⁷⁰Zn tracer was 41 ± 4 and 30 ± 3%, respectively. Beef might favor absorption of extrinsic zinc. The kinetics of isotope excretion, pooling procedures for stool samples and the utility of fecal markers were also evaluated.

KEY WORDS: • zinc • soy protein • bioavailability • stable isotopes • neutron activation analysis

Manuscript received 1 February 1982.

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