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3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl Coenzyme A Reductase Activity in the Small Intestine of Rats Fed Non-Purified and Semipurified Diets¹

Laboratory of Nutrition Chemistry, Kyushu University School of Agriculture, Fukuoka 812, Japan

The effects of diet types on microsomal 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase in the intestinal villus and crypt cells isolated by scraping were studied in rats. The jejunoileal gradient for the reductase specific activity, a phenomenon usually observable in rats fed a commercial non-purified diet, disappeared when sucrose- or glucose-enriched semipurified diets were ingested. Feeding these semipurified diets resulted in a significant increase in reductase activity in jejunal villi and crypts with a concomitant decrease in that of the ileal populations. Neutral detergent fiber prepared from the non-purified diet, but not cellulose powder, when included to semipurified diets at the levels equivalent to those in the non-purified diet, eliminated the ileojejunal gradient; reductase activity was virtually the same in the proximal and distal portions of the intestine or the distribution pattern resembled that shown in rats fed a non-purified diet. Potato and corn starches replaced for sucrose in a low-fiber semipurified diet were also effective for elimination of the gradient, but wheat starch was less effective in this respect. It is clear that intestinal sterogenesis via HMG-CoA reductase is specifically regulated by the complex interplay of dietary components, in particular carbohydrate sources.

KEY WORDS: • HMG-CoA reductase • villi • crypts • jejunum • ileum • dietary carbohydrate

¹ Presented in part at the 22nd International Conference on the Biochemistry of Lipids, Milan, May 26–28, 1980. Supported by grant-in-aid for Scientific Research B (547104) from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture, Japan.

² Current address is Japan Monopoly Co., Oyama 323, Japan.

Manuscript received 24 April 1981.