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Effects of Tomato Pomace and Mixed-Vegetable Pomace on Serum and Liver Cholesterol in Rats¹

James Elliott^*,2, Edward Mulvihill^*, Charles Duncan^*, Richard Forsythe^* and David Kritchevsky^,3

^* Campbell Institute for Research and Technology, Campbell Place, Camden, NJ 08101 The Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, 36th Street at Spruce, Philadelphia PA 19104

The effects of tomato pomace and mixed-vegetable pomace, vegetable processing by-products, on serum and liver cholesterol were compared against pectin, wheat bran, cellulose, and lignin. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (100 g) were fed high sucrose, semi-purified diets containing basal (0), 5% or 10% of the fiber source and either 0, 0.5% cholesterol or 0.5% cholesterol + 0.125% sodium cholate. After 28 days, there were highly significant differences (P < 0.001) in serum and liver cholesterols due to fiber source, dietary cholesterol and the interaction. The effect of fiber source level was significant (P < 0.05) for liver cholesterol only. Pectin groups had serum and liver cholesterol levels lower (P < 0.05) than the others. At the 10% level, tomato pomace, wheat bran and lignin (Indulin AT) groups had serum cholesterols higher (P < 0.05) than basal; the mixed-vegetable pomace and cellulose groups were not different from basal. Liver cholesterols of tomato pomace, mixed-vegetable pomace, wheat bran and lignin groups were not different at the 10% level, but were higher than the pectin, cellulose and basal groups (P < 0.05). In a second experiment, serum cholesterols of rats fed pectin were lower (P < 0.05) than for those fed cellulose or two types of lignin (Indulin AT, Reax 27).

KEY WORDS: • dietary fiber • tomato pomace • mixed-vegetable pomace • pectin • wheat bran • cellulose • lignin • cholesterol

¹ Part of this work has been published as an abstract: Elliott, J., Kritchevsky, D., Mulvihill, E., Duncan, C. & Forsythe, R. (1978) Effect of vegetable processing wastes and common dietary fiber sources on serum cholesterol in the rat. Fed. Proc. 37, 630 (Abs. 2196).

² To whom reprint requests should be sent: Relston Purina Company, Nutritional Laboratory, Central Research, Checkerboard Square, St. Louis, MO 63188.

³ Supported in part by a grant (HL03299) and a Research Career Award (HL00734) from the National Institutes of Health.

Manuscript received 13 July 1981.