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Effect of Magnesium Deficiency on Lipid Metabolism in Rats Fed a High Carbohydrate Diet¹

Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Theix 63110 Beaumont, France, and Laboratoire de Pharmacologie Médicale et Hydrologie, U 195 Inserm, Faculté de Médecine, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France

The effects of acute magnesium deficiency on lipid metabolism were examined in weanling rats fed a high carbohydrate diet containing starch or sucrose for 8 days. Rats were killed after the feeding period. In plasma, magnesium deficiency increased triglyceride and free cholesterol levels and decreased esterified cholesterol levels. Rats fed a magnesium-deficient diet containing sucrose showed particularly high triglyceride plasma levels. In liver, magnesium-deficient rats fed sucrose showed a significant increase in triglycerides, lactate and -glycerophosphate and a significant decrease in glycogen. Changes in triglycerides and glycogen in the liver of magnesium-deficient rats fed starch were not significant. In sucrose-fed rats, serum lipoproteins were isolated by ultracentrifugation. With magnesium deficiency, triglycerides were significantly increased in the very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) fractions and cholesterol levels were increased in the VLDL and LDL and significantly lower in the high density lipoprotein (HDL) fractions. The detrimental effect of severe magnesium deficiency associated particularly with a high carbohydrate diet content and more especially with a sucrose diet is discussed.

KEY WORDS: • magnesium deficiency • lipid metabolism • cholesterol • triglycerides

¹ Presented in part at the John Lee Pratt International Symposium on Magnesium in Animal Nutrition, Blacksburg, VA. Gueux, E. & Rayssiguier, Y. (1980) Lipid metabolism in magnesium deficient rats fed a sucrose rich diet (abs.).

² To whom reprint requests should be sent: Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Theix 63110 Beaumont, France.

³ Present address: Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104.

Manuscript received 31 March 1981.

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