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Regulation of Lipid Metabolism in Chicken Liver by Dietary Cereals Supplemented with Culture Filtrate of Trichoderma Viride¹

Asaf A. Qureshi^*, Warrén C. Burger^*, Neville Prentice^* and Charles E. Elson

^* USDA, SEA, Barley and Malt Laboratory, 501 N. Walnut St., Madison, WI 53705, Department of Agronomy, UW-Madison, WI Nutritional Science, 47 Home Economics Building, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706

The activities of acetyl-CoA carboxylase, fatty acid synthetase, and ß-hydroxy-ß-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase were determined in subcellular fractions of livers from chickens fed a corn-, wheat-, or barley-based diet with or without supplementation with culture filtrate (0.008%) of Trichoderma viride for 4 days (at which maximal effect was observed). Body and liver weights were not affected by supplementation although the defect of sticky feces observed in birds fed barley was eliminated. The HMG-CoA reductase activity was inhibited by 77% and acetyl-CoA carboxylase and fatty acid synthetase activities increased two to four fold and 0.5- to 2-fold, respectively. Supplementation of the barley-based diet with heated culture filtrate for 18 days resulted in no changes in body and liver weights and did not eliminate the sticky feces. In addition, activity of HMG-CoA reductase was reduced 79% and the activities of acetyl-CoA carboxylase and fatty acid synthetase were increased up to 300%. The results of these experiments indicate that the elimination of sticky feces and enhancement of gain in weight by the addition of culture filtrate to the barley-based diet of chickens are probably due to a different mechanism than the one for the suppression of hepatic cholesterol biosynthesis and elevation of fatty acid synthesis, and that some factor(s) in the culture filtrate is responsible for this drastic decrease in cholesterol biosynthesis which may provide a therapeutic approach to the control of cardiovascular disease.

KEY WORDS: • cholesterol biosynthesis • culture filtrate of Trichoderma viride • HMG-CoA reductase • fatty acid synthetase • acetyl-CoA carboxylase

¹ Cooperative investigation between the Science and Education Administration, U.S. Department of Agriculture and the College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison.

Manuscript received 26 September 1979.