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Effects of Methionine Supplementation on the Incidence of Dietary Fat Induced Myocardial Lesions in the Rat¹

Michael T. Clandinin and Shigeto Yamashiro^*

Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8 ^* Division of Bio-Medical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario

Purified diets were prepared to evaluate the effect of methionine supplementation on the incidence and severity of vegetable oil-induced myocardial lesions in the rat. The unsupplemented basal diet fed was similar in nutrient composition to typical semipurified diets currently utilized for cardiopathogenic evaluation of dietary rapeseed oils and contained 1.276 mg of S-amino acid per kilocalorie. The methionine-supplemented diet contained an additional 0.25% (w/w) L-methiønine or a total of 1.815 mg of S-amino acid per kilocalorie. Feeding trials were conducted in which weanling rats were fed either a diet containing 20% (w/w) soybean oil (SBO), low erucic acid rapeseed oil (LER) or high erucic acid rapeseed oil (HER) for 16 or 28 weeks. Dietary supplementation with methionine was found to reduce the incidence of focal myocardial lesions in SBO-fed animals to zero. These results suggest that marginal deficiencies in methionine may interact with the frequency and severity of myocardial changes reported for Sprague-Dawley rats fed various dietary oils. The results indicate that levels of essential nutrients should be adjusted when the energy level of the diet is increased.

KEY WORDS: • rapeseed oil • histological • lesions

¹ This work was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, the Ontario Ministry of Agriculture and the Rapeseed Utilization Assistance Program of the Rapeseed Association of Canada in collaboration with the Department of Industry, Trade and Commerce.

Manuscript received 13 November 1979.

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