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Effects of High Fat and High Carbohydrate Diets on the Body Composition and Oxygen Consumption of ob/ob Mice¹

Department of Nutrition, Cook College, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903

The effects of high fat and high carbohydrate diets on the development of body composition and oxygen consumption of genetically obese (C57BL/6Jobob) mice and non-obese (non-ob/ob) littermates are reported. The genotype of individual mice was identified on day 18 on the basis of values of oxygen consumption. Both non-ob/ob and ob/ob mice were fed ad libitum with either a high carbohydrate or high fat diet, which were identical in energy and protein content, from weaning on day 21 until 42 days of age. The non-ob/ob mice did not exhibit differences in food consumption when fed either diet. By day 42 the total protein and ash accretion of the non-ob/ob mice were similar when fed both diets while the total lipid accretion was decreased with the high fat diet. The ob/ob mice exhibited an increased food consumption when fed the high fat diet and deposited more total protein, lipid and ash by day 42 than the high carbohydrate fed ob/ob mice. Oxygen consumption of the mice was determined at days 21, 24, 28, 35, and 42, as well as day 18. The oxygen consumption of all the mice tended to decrease from day 21 to day 42. The decrease in oxygen consumption was significant only for the carbohydrate-fed males of both genotypes from day 21 to day 24. The high carbohydrate diet also tended to decrease the oxygen consumption among the females of both genotypes. The high fat diet tended to raise the postweaning values of oxygen consumption of both non-ob/ob and ob/ob male mice towards the preweaning values. This suggests that the usually observed postweaning reduction in oxygen consumption may be attributed to the shift from a high fat to a high carbohydrate diet, as well as other developmental changes that occur at weaning. In general, the high fat-fed mice tended to consume more oxygen than the high carbohydrate-fed mice. The increased oxygen consumption may be related to increased oxidation of total energy. The changes in the body composition of non-ob/ob mice reflect the increased energy expenditure of the high fat-fed non-ob/ob mice.

KEY WORDS: • obesity • carbohydrate • oxygen consumption • body composition • fat • energy

¹ This research was supported in part by U.S. Public Health Service Grant AM18557. This article is a paper of the Journal Series, New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station.

² Send reprint requests to Dr. Murray L. Kaplan, Department of Nutrition, Cook College, Rutgers University, P.O. Box 231, New Brunswick, New Jersey.

Manuscript received 4 February 1977.