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Journal of Nutrition Vol. 108 No. 9 September 1978, pp. 1412-1421
Copyright © 1978 by American Society for Nutrition
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Effect of Dietary Amino Acids on Transfer Ribonucleic Acid Charging Levels in Rat Liver1

Surendra T. Shenoy2 and Quinton R. Rogers

Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95616

In order to examine the mechanism of the effect of dietary amino acids on hepatic polysome aggregation and protein synthesis, tRNA charging levels (tRNA acylated with amino acids) were measured in the livers of rats meal-fed (trained to eat for 2 hours/day) a 15% casein diet at the high and low point of polysome aggregation, and of meal-fed and control-fed (ad libitum feeding from 1800 to 0800 hours) rats fed an isoleucine deficient diet. The charging levels of tRNAs for two of the amino acids tested, namely isoleucine and phenylalanine, did not drop with the diurnal changes that occur in polysome aggregation, whereas, the feeding of an isoleucine deficient diet resulted in a 25% decrease in the ile-tRNA charging levels. Although it is not clear how amino acid supply regulates polysome aggregation and protein synthesis, it would not appear to be mediated via a decrease in tRNA charging levels.

KEY WORDS: • dietary amino acids • tRNA charging levels • cell-free protein synthesis • polysome aggregation

1 Supported by U.S. Public Health Service Research Grant AM-11066 from the National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Disases.

2 Present Address: Division of Biological and Medical Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 80439.

Manuscript received 31 August 1977.




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