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Cholesterol Synthesis in Ruminating and Nonruminating Goats^1,2,3,

Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011

Cholesterol synthetic rates were determined in several tissues of ruminating (R) and nonruminating (NR) goats. The R goats were fed an amount of goat milk equivalent to 15% of body weight per day for 1 month and a non-purified hay-grain diet for the next 3 months. The NR goats were fed an amount of goat milk equivalent to 15% of body weight per day for 4 months. Rates of cholesterol synthesis from acetate and glucose were determined for adipose tissue, brain, liver, and small intestine. With acetate as precursor, relative rates of cholesterol synthesis were as follows: adipose tissue > small intestine > brain liver; with glucose, they were as follows: adipose tissue = small intestine brain > liver. Acetate was used as a precursor at greater rates than glucose by all tissues. When acetate was used as precursor, 71% and 90% of total cholesterol synthesis in all measured tissues occurred in adipose tissue of R and NR goats, respectively. When glucose was used as a precursor, small intestine and adipose tissue accounted for 58% and 29% of total of cholesterol synthesis in R goats, whereas in NR goats, adipose tissue synthesized 60% of total of cholesterol and small intestine synthesized 20%. With glucose as precursor, brain synthesized 10% and 19% of total of cholesterol synthesis in R and NR goats, respectively. With either precursor, liver made only a minor contribution to cholesterol synthesis in both R and NR goats. Acetate oxidation to CO₂ was greater in adipose tissue than any other tissue in all goats; for glucose oxidation to CO₂, the brain had the greatest rate. Lowest rate of oxidation of acetate was in brain; and of glucose was in liver. These studies have shown that liver is only a minor contributor and that adipose tissue and small intestine are major contributors of cholesterol synthesized by the young goat.

KEY WORDS: • cholesterogenesis • goats • acetate • glucose • cholesterol

¹ Journal Paper No. J-8898 of the Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Station, Ames, Iowa. Project No. 2187. Supported in part by funds provided by Grants HL-04969 and 5 SO5 RR07034-08, Department of Health, Education and Welfare.

² Part of this study was presented at the annual meeting of the American Institute of Nutrition, Anaheim, California. April, 1976. Federation Proc. 35, 747 (1976) (Abstr.).

³ Address reprint requests to: D. C. Beitz, Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011.

⁴ Present address: University of Texas at San Antonio Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas 78284.

⁵ Present address: University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68105.

Manuscript received 19 August 1977.