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Effect of Dietary Cholesterol and Tallow on Cholesterol Synthesis in the Castrated Goat^1,2,3,

Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011

The effect of dietary cholesterol plus tallow on cholesterol content of several tissues and on in vivo cholesterol biosynthesis was determined in castrated male, mature Saanen goats. The control group consisted of the same type of goats and was fed a dry concentrate mixture. The lipid-supplemented group was fed the same diet plus supplemental cholesterol and tallow at 250 mg and 3 g, respectively, daily per kg body weight for 15 to 18 weeks. Cholesterol content of liver, spleen, and small intestine was increased significantly by cholesterol feeding. Liver, muscle, and skin of control goats contained 47%, 12%, and 20% respectively, of total body cholesterol. In cholesterol plus tallow-fed goats, liver, muscle, and skin contributed 72%, 12%, and 11%, respectively. Adrenal gland and small intestine were the two most active sites for cholesterogenesis (per unit tissue weight), followed in decreasing order by spleen and kidney. Rates in adipose tissue, cerebrum, kidney, skeletal muscle, pancreas, skin, and liver were considerably lower. Cholesterogenesis in whole organs of control goats indicated that most of the sterol was contributed by skin (38%), small intestine (27%), and muscle (21%). After cholesterol plus tallow feeding, marked suppression of cholesterol synthesis occurred in all regions of the small intestine. The cholesterol plus tallow feeding reduced cholesterogenesis in the small intestine, spleen, and kidney to about 25% of that in corresponding tissues of controls; that in adrenal cortex was reduced to 45% of control. Cholesterol plus tallow feeding caused a three-fold increase in cholesterogenesis in adipose tissue. No significant changes occurred in other tissues.

KEY WORDS: • goats • cholesterogenesis • acetate • cholesterol • tallow

¹ Journal Paper No. J-8618 of the Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Station, Ames, Iowa. Project No. 2187, Supported in part by funds provided by Grant HE 04969, Department of Health, Education and Welfare, and by North Central Regional Project NC91.

² Part of this study was presented at the annual meeting of the American Institute of Nutrition. Atlantic City, New Jersey. April, 1975. Federation Proc. 34, 892 (1975) (Abstr.).

³ Address reprint requests to: D. C. Beltz, Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011.

⁴ Present address: California State College, Bakersfield, California 93309.

Manuscript received 20 September 1976.