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Further Studies on the Isolation of the Thermolabile Growth Inhibitor from the Faba Bean (Vicia faba L. var. minor)

Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2

Four experiments were conducted to determine in what portion of the faba bean the inhibitor was located, to study its effect on the growth parameters of the young chick, and to prepare a concentrated extract of the inhibitor. The results from the first experiment demonstrated that autoclave treatment improved the nutritional quality of faba beans containing a high proportion of hulls to a greater degree than it improved the nutritional quality of faba beans that contained a low proportion of hulls. A second experiment demonstrated that faba bean hulls had a much higher concentration of the growth inhibiting substance than the cotyledon portion of the bean. In a third experiment, it was shown that water extraction and/or heat treatment procedures were equally effective at removing or destroying the growth inhibiting factor in faba bean hulls. The inhibitor was shown to reduce chick weight, feed efficiency and the retention of dry matter, protein and crude fiber, but did not affect fat retention. In a final experiment, a lyophilized water extract from the faba bean hulls was added to a corn-soybean basal diet and fed to chicks. Feeding chicks the extract at 4.8% of the diet reduced weight gain 86%, increased feed to gain ratio by 35% and decreased liver size by 19%. Pancreas size was not affected. The extract did not contain trypsin inhibitor or hemagglutinin activity.

KEY WORDS: • faba beans • hulls • growth inhibitor • chicks

Manuscript received 2 November 1976.