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Effect of Dietary Fats and Fatty Acids on the Liver Lipid Accumulation Induced by Feeding a Protein-Repletion Diet Containing Glycerol to Protein-Depleted Rats

Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, Japan

Lipid accumulation was not observed in the liver of rats fed the protein-repletion diet containing glucose as the sole carbohydrate source after protein-depletion. Therefore, to clarify the effect of supplementation of some compounds related to lipid synthesis on the lipid content of liver, a protein-repletion diet supplemented with glycerol, citric acid, -glycerophosphate or malonic acid was fed. Glycerol increased the lipid content of liver although the amount of food consumed by rats fed the protein-repletion diet containing 10% glycerol was the same as that consumed by rats fed the protein-repletion diet. Citric acid and malonic acid caused a decrease in lipid content of liver. These results might be due to reduced food consumption. -Glycerophosphate did not affect the lipid content of liver. The addition of either safflower oil (10%) or linoleic acid (3%), but not oleic acid (3%) or stearic acid (3%) to the protein-repletion diet containing glycerol was effective in preventing the lipid accumulation in the liver, although the amounts of food consumed were almost the same in all groups. The addition of triolein (10%) tended to decrease lipid accumulation of liver induced by feeding the protein-repletion diet containing glycerol. Thus, the mechanism of the formation of the fatty liver induced by the feeding of the protein-repletion diet containing glycerol appears to be similar with that of fructose feeding after protein-depletion, suggesting that lipid accumulation in the liver might be due to the stimulation of lipid synthesis in the liver. Without prior feeding of a protein-free diet, dietary glycerol did not alter the lipid content of liver. Therefore, the formation of fatty liver induced by glycerol-feeding was observed during a marked increase in food consumption during the transitional state from depletion to repletion.

KEY WORDS: • glycerol • liver lipid • protein-repletion • inhibition by linoleic acid

Manuscript received 15 October 1976.

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