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Effects of Diet on Growth and Survival of Rats Fed Toxic Levels of Tartrazine (FD&C Yellow No. 5) and Sunset Yellow FCF (FD&C Yellow No. 6)

Institute for Nutritional Studies, Culver City, California 90230

Tests were conducted on the effects of diet on the response of immature male rats to massive doses of tartrazine (FD&C Yellow No. 5) and Sunset Yellow FCF (FD&C Yellow No. 6). When incorporated at a 5% level in a stock diet, tartrazine and Sunset Yellow FCF had no grossly observable toxic effects. When fed with a purified diet, however, both tartrazine and Sunset Yellow FCF at a 5% level in the diet resulted in a marked retardation in growth, an unthrifty appearance of the fur and death of 50% or more of the rats within an experimental period of 14 days. The toxic effects obtained by feeding the latter diets were counteracted by the concurrent feeding of blond psyllium seed powder, carrot root powder, alfalfa leaf meal and wheat bran. Supplements of the known nutrients had little if any protective effect. Supplements of purified cellulose were without protective effect for the rats fed tartrazine but had a moderate protective effect for those fed Sunset Yellow FCF.

KEY WORDS: • tartrazine toxicity • FD&C Yellow No. 5 toxicity • Sunset Yellow FCF toxicity • FD&C Yellow No. 6 toxicity • dietary fiber

Manuscript received 28 July 1976.