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Utilization of Analogues of Riboflavin by the Riboflavin-deficient Chick Embryo^1,2,

Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland 21201 and Department of Poultry Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742

Detailed studies of the biological activity of several analogues of riboflavin in the riboflavin-deficient chick embryo were undertaken to extend our knowledge of the comparative biochemistry of these flavins. The riboflavin-deficient eggs were produced by hens homozygous for an autosomal recessive gene (rdrd). 7-Ethyl-8-methyl-flavin was found to be an adequate replacement for riboflavin in the chick embryo, a finding which mimics its effect in the riboflavin-deficient rat. 7,8-Diethyl-flavin was found to be an antagonist in the chick embryo as had been found to be true in the rat. 7-Methyl-8-ethyl-flavin can not be used as a replacement for riboflavin in the chick embryo and further, it inhibits the utilization of riboflavin in normal eggs. 7-Methyl-8-ethyl-flavin had been found to be an adequate replacement for riboflavin in the riboflavin-deficient rat. The classes mammalia and aves are clearly different in respect to the utilization of this flavin.

KEY WORDS: • riboflavin • eggs • antagonists • chicks • hatchability

¹ This work was supported in part by the Maryland Agriculture Experiment Station, Project State M-78 and a grant from the National Institutes of Health AM 14096.

² A brief preliminary report of some of these findings appeared in reference (4) under Literature Cited.

³ Requests for reprints may be addressed to either author.

Manuscript received 17 May 1976.