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Cholesterol Turnover and Tissue Distribution in the Guinea Pig in Response to Dietary Cholesterol^1,2,

Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720

Cholesterol turnover and tissue cholesterol distribution were studied in guinea pigs fed either a control diet or one containing 0.1% cholesterol. Dietary cholesterol caused a significant increase in the cholesterol concentration in liver, red blood cells and small intestine, but not in plasma. Most of the increase in total body cholesterol could be accounted for as an increase in liver esterified cholesterol content. Feeding the 0.1% cholesterol-containing diet did not significantly change either the absorption of an oral dose of tracer cholesterol or the endogenous cholesterol synthesis rate. Steady state cholesterol input-output rate and total traced mass of cholesterol were significantly greater, and mean transit time was significantly longer in the animals fed the cholesterol containing diet. These data suggest that the maintenance of cholesterol homeostasis in the nonhypercholesterolemic cholesterol-fed guinea pig depends on liver accumulation of esterified cholesterol as well as on increased output of cholesterol.

KEY WORDS: • cholesterol absorption • cholesterol ester storage • cholesterol turnover

¹ Presented in part at the 57th Annual Meeting of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, Atlantic City, N.J. 1973; Federation Proc. 32, 3853 (abstr.).

² Supported in part by USPHS NIH grant 08480 and training grant USPHS 001188.

³ Recipient of an NIH training grant, USPHS 001188. Present address: Division of Biological Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pa. 16802.

⁴ Present address: Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Mass. 02139.

⁵ To whom requests for reprints should be addressed.

Manuscript received 9 September 1975.