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The Effect of Dietary Vanadium on Fatty Acid and Cholesterol Synthesis and Turnover in the Chick

Department of Avian Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616

Day-old, male, broiler type chicks were used to study the effect of 100 ppm dietary vanadium on fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis and turnover in vivo. After feeding the experimental diets for 4 weeks body weight and liver weight of chicks fed 100 ppm vanadium were significantly less than those of the control chicks and liver total lipid and cholesterol tended to be slightly higher than the levels of the control chicks. [1-¹⁴C]Acetate was administered intravenously and the specific activities of plasma and liver total lipid, cholesterol and fatty acid were determined at 0.25, 0.50, 1.0, 4.0, 8.0 and 15.0 hours after the injection. Plasma total lipid and cholesterol were significantly higher than the levels in the control chicks. The rate of incorporation of [1-¹⁴C]acetate into plasma and liver total lipid, cholesterol and fatty acid was higher in chicks fed vanadium than the control group at any of the time being tested after the injection. There was a significant increase in the hepatic citrate cleavage enzyme activity among chicks fed 100 ppm vanadium, whereas, there was no significant change in acetate thiokinase activity. Turnover rate of plasma total lipid and fatty acid in vanadium fed chicks was lower than the control. The turnover rate of plasma cholesterol determined by administering [4-¹⁴C]cholesterol and periodically measuring the specific activity of plasma cholesterol was higher in chicks fed vanadium than in those fed the basal diet.

KEY WORDS: • vanadium • fatty acid synthesis • cholesterol synthesis • cholesterol turnover

Manuscript received 1 August 1975.