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Studies on the Changes in Reduced Glutathione of Chick Tissues during Onset and Regression of Nutritional Muscular Dystrophy1

S. J. Hull2 and M. L. Scott

Department of Poultry Science and Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853

Nutritional muscular dystrophy (NMD) in the chick results from a simultaneous deficiency of vitamin E and cystine. Muscle and liver of dystrophic and nondystrophic chicks were assayed for nonprotein sulfhydryl (NP-SH), reduced glutathione (GSH) and glutathione reductase. Red blood cells were assayed for NP-SH and GSH content. Glutathione peroxidase was determined in muscle, plasma and liver. Dystrophic muscle GSH was increased, and at times was approximately double that of normal muscle, while liver GSH was lower in dystrophic than in normal chicks. During recovery from NMD, brought about by addition of either vitamin E or cystine to the dystrophogenic diet, muscle GSH declined and liver GSH increased to normal levels. Glutathione peroxidase was equivalent in both dystrophic and nondystrophic plasma and liver, but was significantly increased in dystrophic muscle. The mode of action of dietary cystine in preventing NMD in chicks remains unknown; it is not mediated through the role of this amino acid as a component of the GSH needed for the action of glutathione peroxidase.

KEY WORDS: • muscular dystrophy • vitamin E • cystine • reduced glutathione • glutathione reductase • glutathione • peroxidase

1 Supported in part by Public Health Service Research Grants NB05632 and AM17208 and by a grant from Hoffmann-LaRoche, Inc., Nutley, N.J. 07110.

2 Present address: Campbell Institute for Agricultural Research, Sumter, S.C. 29150.

Manuscript received 12 May 1975.




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