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Effects of Dietary Carbohydrate, Fat and Protein on Growth, Body Composition and Blood Metabolite Levels in the Dog¹

Departments of Food Science and Human Nutrition and Animal Husbandry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824

Six semipurified canned diets ranging in composition from 0 to 62% of energy from carbohydrate and from 20% to 48% of energy from protein were fed to female beagle dogs for 8 months. Additionally, three commercial-type diets were also fed. The effects of these diets on growth, body composition and selected blood metabolite levels in the dogs were studied. The dogs readily consumed each of the nine diets fed. The level of carbohydrate, fat or protein in the diet did not influence body weight gain during the first 16 weeks nor was nitrogen balance affected by the diets. At the end of the 32-week study, dogs fed the high-carbohydrate (62% of energy) diet contained less body fat, but an equal fat-free mass, than did dogs fed lower-carbohydrate (20–42% of energy) diets with a similar quantity of protein. Consumption of carbohydrate-free diets did not influence postprandial levels of circulating glucose or insulin in the dogs. Plasma cholesterol levels were elevated in dogs consuming the diets high in fat but plasma triglyceride levels were not influenced by the diets fed. Consumption of high-protein (46–48% of energy) diets elevated plasma urea nitrogen levels but had minimal influence on plasma amino acid levels. The general response of these young dogs was not markedly influenced by consumption of diets ranging from carbohydrate-free to high-carbohydrate and from adequate-protein to high-protein.

KEY WORDS: • carbohydrate-free diet • high-protein diets • growth • body composition • blood metabolites • dogs

¹ Supported in part by grants-in-aid from the General Foods Corporation and from the Quaker Oats Company and by Research Career Development Award NIH K04 AM00112 to DRR. Michigan Agricultural Experiment Station Journal Article No. 7624.

² Food Science and Human Nutrition Department.

³ Animal Husbandry Department.

Manuscript received 2 April 1976.

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