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Effect of Dietary Fats and Fatty Acids on the Liver Lipid Accumulation Induced by Feeding a Protein-repletion Diet Containing Fructose to Protein-depleted Rats

Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, Japan

After consuming a protein-free diet for 14 days, rats fed a protein-repletion diet containing 35% fructose and 34.9% glucose as the carbohydrate sources and 0.1% corn oil accumulated liver lipids, but rats fed a diet containing 69.9% glucose as the sole carbohydrate source did not accumulate liver lipids. The fatty liver induced by feeding the protein-repletion diet was prevented by the addition of corn oil (9.9%), safflower oil (9.9%) or lard (19.9%). In the next experiments, the effects of various fatty acids on the liver lipid content of rats fed the protein-repletion diet containing 35% fructose and 34.9% glucose were studied. It was found that only linoleic acid (3%) was effective in preventing the liver lipid accumulation, whereas capric acid (3%), lauric acid (3%), myristic acid (3%), palmitic acid (3%), stearic acid (3% or 10%), oleic acid (3% or 10%), elaidic acid (3%) or arachidic acid (3%) had no effect on the fatty liver induced by fructose feeding. In a separate experiment, without prior feeding of a protein-free diet, the liver lipid content of rats fed the "protein-repletion" diet for 5 days was essentially the same as that of rats fed the diet supplemented with either stearic acid (3%) or linoleic acid (3%). Thus, a possible explanation of these data concerning the formation of fatty liver induced by fructose-feeding following protein-depletion is that the fructose stimulated fatty acid synthesis.

KEY WORDS: • fructose • repletion • liver lipid • linoleic acid

Manuscript received 16 November 1973.

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