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Serum Lipid Changes Produced in Dogs by Substituting Coconut Oil for Either Sucrose or Protein in the Diet¹

Jay Phillips Research Laboratory, Mount Sinai Hospital, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55404 and Laboratory of Physiological Hygiene, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455

The effect on the fasting serum lipids of feeding for 2 weeks diets containing coconut oil (CNO) in amounts corresponding respectively to 10, 20, and 40% of total calorie intake was studied in 12 dogs. Two comparisons were made. In one, CNO was substituted for sucrose; in the other CNO was substituted for protein. All diets tested contained a constant amount of commercial dog food (60% of total calorie intake). Compared with the low fat diets (without CNO and containing 40% of total calories as either sucrose or added protein), all CNO-containing diets caused significant elevations of serum cholesterol and phospholipids. The elevations increased with the CNO content, but not in proportion to the calories supplied by the oil. For equal levels of dietary CNO there was no significant difference in serum cholesterol between sucrose and protein diets. Serum triglycerides were higher with the sucrose diets. The mean fasting levels of cholesterol and phospholipids showed very high correlation (+0.9926 and +0.9915, respectively) with the corresponding mean postprandial levels of plasma FFA, when CNO was substituted for protein.

KEY WORDS: • coconut oil • serum lipids • cholesterol • phospholipids • triglycerides • postprandial FFA • sucrose • protein

¹ Supported by a grant of the American Heart Association and by the Mount Sinal Hospital Research Fund.

Manuscript received 1 November 1973.