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Fat Versus Sucrose as the Nonprotein Calorie Portion of the Diet of Rats¹

Biochemistry Section, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104

Diets with a uniform ratio of protein to nonprotein calories of 1:4, have been used to study the comparative effects of sucrose and lard on protein retention. In a nitrogen balance study on rats, the lard diet gave better N economy than did the sucrose diet. Liver glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase enzyme levels were found to be relatively high in the case of rats fed the sucrose diet, but when the lard diet was fed the liver levels of these enzymes were as low as those of starved rats. Short-term in vivo protein synthesis as measured by labeled amino acid incorporation into liver protein indicated increased arginine incorporation when the fat diet was fed. The observations indicate an improved protein utilization and nutritional status when the high fat carbohydrate-free diet was fed.

KEY WORDS: • protein retention • nitrogen • protein utilization • sucrose • fat • glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase

¹ Supported in part by GRS-NIH grant no. RR0 55380 and by NIH grant no. He 12138-01A2.

² Present address: Department of Animal Nutrition and Agricultural Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel.

³ Present address: Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, Life Sciences Research Office, 9650 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, Md. 20014.

Manuscript received 12 June 1972.