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Mode of Action of Selenium and Vitamin E in Prevention of Exudative Diathesis in Chicks¹

Department of Poultry Science and Graduate School of Nutrition, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850

Using a crystalline amino acid diet very low in selenium and vitamin E, experiments were conducted that showed that the glutathione peroxidase (GSHpx) level of chick plasma is directly related to the selenium level in the diet and to the effectiveness of selenium in prevention of exudative diathesis. Dietary vitamin E and selenium are both necessary for protection of hepatic mitochondrial and microsomal membranes from ascorbic acid-induced lipid peroxidation in vitro. The results favor the hypothesis that the plasma GSHpx present when the diet contains adequate selenium acts to prevent exudative diathesis by destroying peroxides that may form in the plasma and/or cytosol of the capillary cell. Vitamin E appears to prevent exudative diathesis by acting within the lipid membrane where it neutralizes free radicals, thereby preventing a chain-reactive autoxidation of the capillary membrane lipids.

KEY WORDS: • selenium • vitamin E • exudative diathesis • glutathione peroxidase • peroxidation

¹ Supported in part by U. S. Public Health Service Grant NS 05632 and by Hoffmann-La Roche, Inc., Nutley, N. J. 07110.

² Visiting faculty member, University of Tokyo, Japan.

Manuscript received 18 May 1973.

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