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Effect of Biotin Deficiency on the Catabolism of Linoleate in the Rat^1,2,3,

Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80521

Male weanling rats were fed a vitamin-free casein basal diet containing 0.5% succinylsulfathiazole plus 20% by weight of fats of varying degrees of unsaturation. Rats fed the biotin-deficient corn oil diet weighed significantly (P < 0.05) less than the control animals fed a diet supplemented with 2 mg biotin/kilogram diet and those fed the hydrogenated vegetable fat diet with or without added biotin. Addition of 3% sodium propionate depressed growth (P < 0.05) of the rats fed the biotin-deficient corn oil diet. In a second experiment, a significant (P < 0.01) growth depression was observed in biotin-deficient rats fed diets containing either corn oil or safflower oil as the fat source. The biotin-deficient rats excreted significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of urinary ¹⁴C-labeled propionate 24 to 48 hours after intraperitoneal injection of linoleate-U-¹⁴C than did the biotin-supplemented control rats. The accentuation of growth depression due to a biotin deficiency by unsaturated dietary fat and the increased excretion of ¹⁴C-labeled propionate from linoleate-U-¹⁴C by biotin-deficient rats support the hypothesis for the gamma-oxidation of linoleate.

KEY WORDS: • biotin deficiency • propionate • linoleate metabolism • polyunsaturated fatty acids • lipid

¹ Supported in part by National Science Foundation Grant no. GB-15482.

² A preliminary report was presented at the meeting of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology held at Chicago in April, 1971.

³ The data in this paper were presented in a thesis submitted to the Graduate School of Colorado State University in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the M.S. degree.

Manuscript received 8 September 1971.