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Effects of Excess Calcium on a Fluoride-Magnesium Interrelationship in Chicks¹

Departments of Animal Sciences and Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907

The effects of excess calcium on the previously reported fluoride-magnesium interrelationship were studied using a factorial arrangement of treatments involving two levels of calcium (1.0 and 1.67%), two of fluoride (0.005 and 0.085%) and two of magnesium (0.07 and 0.47%). As noted earlier, growth rate was reduced by fluoride alone, but was reduced to a much greater extent with fluoride plus magnesium. Magnesium alone did not influence growth rate. Excess calcium improved growth in chicks fed fluoride alone or fluoride plus magnesium, but growth rate was still inferior, particularly in the fluoride plus magnesium group, to the control or the diet containing magnesium alone. Growth rate was not affected by calcium level in chicks fed the other diets. Bone ash was increased with fluoride alone, reduced slightly with magnesium alone and reduced greatly by the combination of fluoride and magnesium. Excess calcium increased bone ash only slightly in chicks fed high magnesium alone or in combination with fluoride. The characteristic leg weakness observed in chicks fed the high fluoride-high magnesium diet was not influenced by dietary calcium. Excess calcium drastically reduced the fluoride content of plasma and bone of chicks fed the high fluoride diets. High dietary calcium also reduced plasma magnesium levels in chicks fed high magnesium diets. From these results, it was concluded that the beneficial effects of excess calcium on the fluoride-magnesium interrelationship are mediated primarily through reduced absorption of fluoride, and possibly magnesium, rather than through correction of a relative calcium deficiency.

KEY WORDS: • calcium • fluoride • magnesium • chick

¹ Journal paper number 4720, Purdue University Agricultural Experiment Station, West Lafayette, Indiana.

Manuscript received 17 April 1972.