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Essential Fatty Acids in the Diet of Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri): Physiological Symptoms of EFA Deficiency^1,2,3,

Department of Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331

Certain physiological changes in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) which may be attributed to a dietary insufficiency of the essential fatty acids of the linolenic or 3 series are described. A greatly increased mitochondrial swelling rate was induced in fish fed a fat-free diet. Linolenic acid was most effective in reducing the swelling phenomenon. Diets without 3 fatty acids showed an increased liver respiration rate, a slightly lower hemoglobin content and increased muscle water.

KEY WORDS: • rainbow trout • essential fatty acid deficiency • linolenic acid • mitochondrial swelling

¹ Taken in part from a dissertation submitted to the Graduate School of Oregon State University by John D. Castell in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of philosophy.

² Supported in part by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Institutional Sea Grant GH 97.

³ Technical Paper no. 3072, Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station.

⁴ Present address: Fisheries Research Board of Canada, Halifax Laboratory, P. O. Box 429, Halifax, Nova Scotia.

⁵ Address reprint requests to: R. O. Sinnhuber, Department of Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331.

Manuscript received 16 April 1971.