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Journal of Nutrition Vol. 101 No. 8 August 1971, pp. 1075-1083
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Effect of Protein and Insulin on Linoleic Acid Desaturation of Normal and Diabetic Rats1,2,

Raûl O. Peluffo3, Nelva T. de Gomez Dumm, Maria J. T. de Alaniz and Rodolfo R. Brenner3

Instituto de Fisiologia, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Calle 60 y 120, La Plata, Argentina

The effect of glucose, protein or lipid diet and insulin treatment on the desaturation of linoleic to {gamma}-linolenic acid by liver microsomal preparations of rats has been studied. Either a 96-hour fast or diabetes caused a decrease in linoleic acid desaturation. Refeeding of casein increased the desaturation of linoleic acid in normal, fasted and diabetic rats. This effect is suppressed by actinomycin D, puromycin or cycloheximide injection. A glucose diet decreased the desaturation in nonfasted animals. Insulin administration (15 or 0.2 IU) or casein feeding restored the linoleic acid desaturation of diabetic rats to normal levels. However, an hypoglycemic dosage of insulin administered to normal animals prevented the enhancing effect of this protein. Furthermore, the administration of insulin to diabetic rats fed a protein diet did not increase linoleic acid desaturation. Nevertheless, the simultaneous administration of casein and a nonhypoglycemic dosage of insulin (0.05 IU) to diabetic rats produced an additive effect. These findings confirm that glucose metabolism decreases, whereas dietary proteins increase, linoleic acid desaturation. They also suggest that the enhancement of linoleic acid desaturation by insulin is probably mediated via a glycolysis-independent mechanism. Both activating effects of casein and insulin would be mediated very probably through protein synthesis.

1 This study was supported in part by the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Técnicas, Argentina, grant no. 2800a/69 and by the Comisión de Investigaciones Cientificas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires.

2 Part of these data was presented at the Seventh Congress of the International Diabetes Federation, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Excerpta Med. 209: 70 (abstr.).

3 Member of the "Carrera del Investigador Científico," Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Técnicas, Argentina.

Manuscript received 21 December 1970.




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