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Effect of Dietary Protein and Amino Acids in a Choline-deficient Diet on Lipid Accumulation in Rat Liver

Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan

The effect of dietary protein at varied levels on the deposition of liver lipids was examined, to determine whether any amino acids other than methionine may exhibit a lipotropic action. A choline-deficient diet containing 14% casein caused the most marked effect on lipid deposition, whereas a 30% casein diet deficient in choline did not produce fatty liver. The addition of amino acid mixtures simulating 16% casein (total casein level 30%) to a choline-deficient diet was found to prevent the lipid accumulation, while supplementation of methionine alone resulted in the partial decline of the liver lipid content. Among nonessential amino acids tested, serine plus glutamic acid were found to be the second factors causing the decline of the liver lipid level in choline-deficient rats. No detectable change in food efficiency was observed when these amino acids were added to the diet. It is postulated that methionine, serine and glutamic acid are responsible for the lipotropic action of casein diet.