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In vitro Studies on the Effect of Different Dietary Fats and Different Proportions of Dietary Protein on the Synthesis of Lipids by Rat Arterial Tissue

Department of Applied Chemistry, University Colleges of Science and Technology, University of Calcutta, Calcutta-9, India

Dietary influence on the synthesis of three main categories of lipid — cholesterol, phospholipid and neutral lipids — by rat arterial tissue has been investigated by in vitro incubation of aortas of rats fed experimental diets containing 10% of various fats (butterfat, groundnut oil, safflower oil and mustard oil) and fat-free diet, in the presence of radioactive acetate, mevalonate and phosphate. The radioactive incorporation of acetate into total arterial lipids was the lowest when a fat-free diet was fed, the major fraction of the label appearing in the neutral lipids and the lowest incorporation in the cholesterol. Compared to the various groups fed fat (but not mustard oil), the animals fed a fat-free diet had much lower rates for triglyceride synthesis; mustard oil depressed this synthesis even more. The synthesis of cholesterol was much less than that of other lipids and the source of dietary fat seemed to influence it. Butterfat and antithyroid diets (15% fat plus bile salts, choline and methyl thiouracil), however, slightly increased arterial cholesterol synthesis while augmenting overall radioactive incorporation into total aortic lipids. Arterial phospholipid synthesis was enhanced by the atherogenic diet containing 15% butterfat (antithyroid diet plus cholesterol) and the antithyroid butterfat diet. Replacement of butterfat by groundnut oil in antithyroid or the simple diet was found to increase phospholipid synthesis.

Manuscript received 29 January 1970.