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Inhibition of Calcium Absorption and Elevation of Calcium Removal Rate from Bone in Fluoride-treated Calves^1,2,

Section of Nutrition, Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania 19348, and Metabolism Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20014

Nutritional balances, ⁴⁵Ca kinetics and roentgenologic studies were performed on six holstein calves, three of which had been given 100 ppm fluoride in their drinking water for 11 months. The fluoride-treated calves had lower body weights, food intakes, and calcium balances than the controls. Multicompartmental analysis indicated marked depression of calcium absorption and efficiency of calcium absorption from the gastrointestinal tract, and an elevated rate of removal of calcium from bone in the fluoride-treated calves. Urinary calcium excretion, calcium deposition into bone, and mass of exchangeable calcium did not appear to be affected by fluoride. Endogenous fecal calcium excretion was lower in the fluoride group but a high correlation of endogenous fecal calcium with body weight suggested that this was not a direct effect of fluoride. Radiographs of sections of the metacarpal bones indicated decreased mineral density, larger intertrabecular spaces, and prominent resorption cavities in the fluoride-treated calves. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis of primary inhibition of calcium absorption and a homeostatic elevation of calcium removal rate from bone as a mechanism for the development of demineralizing bone lesions in cattle exposed to high levels of fluoride.

² Presented in part at the annual meeting of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, Federation Proc. 28: 760, 1969 (abstr.).

Manuscript received 28 January 1970.